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A view on the architecture of the Old City of Tartous

Published by fabrice on May 5th, 2009

In Tartous, the Old City remains today the only clear historical centre. The history of the city starts from Phoenicians, Romans, and Crusaders and continues through centuries, in which local residents and time itself have marked the architecture of this part of the city. The article deals with the main features of the architecture in the Old City of Tartous in two periods: the Late Ottoman and the French Mandate, with links to understanding the social, economic and political context of the region between the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, and links to similarities with the architecture of neighborhood cities.

A view on the architecture of the Old City of Tartous (pdf)

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Zoning for ecological priority area in Damascus

Published by fabrice on February 12th, 2009

This work falls within the cooperation program initiated between GTZ and the Syrian Government for the conservation of agricultural lands and water resources in Syria. The first objective is developing a land use plan for Damascus region whereby lands, which are mostly favourable for agricultural use and for recharging the water tables, get protected from urbanization and from polluting activities. The second objective is developing a work methodology that can be conveyed to Syrian planners allowing them to develop land use plans for the entire country.
The land use plans should serve as a basis for the development of a general law for land conservation in Syria, as agreed upon between GTZ and the Syrian government. Even though the juridical aspect is not into our mandate, it should be taken into consideration, as for example when integrating the political and administrative decision making into our methodology for the classification of lands. The models for territorial developments should be flexible enough to allow adaptation to local authorities and transposition in different Syrian regions.
In the Middle East, remote sensing is widespread and the planners understand perfectly the data processing techniques. However, they often neglect the human factor (demography, economy, social structures…) and used the modeling based on satellite images. It is true that demographic or economic statistics are difficult to obtain and are not very reliable, however, our contribution, as researchers in human geography, is to merge quantitative and qualitative human data with its activities based on satellite images. As such, we have created a GIS, integrating population censuses and economic statistics on the land use map.

Physical study on Damascus

Human Study on Damascus

Global study on Damascus (arabic)

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Urbanisation et système confessionnel au Mont Liban

Published by fabrice on January 12th, 2008

 Les cartes et le PDF de cet article sont trop volumineux pour être mis en ligne. Pour les obtenir contactez l’auteur : rolachidiac@yahoo.fr ou le télécharger à cette adresse : http://docs.google.com/Doc?id=dfwvg2d9_2dtp63xdb

 Dans les études en sciences sociales au Liban, il est difficile d’évacuer le communautaire car il est un des fondements de la société libanaise. Il est surtout institutionnalisé dans le système politique. Le président de la République doit être maronite, le chef du gouvernement doit être sunnite et le chef du Parlement chiite. Les communautés sont représentées au Parlement par un nombre fixe de députés. Les fonctionnaires de première catégorie sont recrutés selon des quotas communautaires et de manière informelle, et l’ensemble des fonctionnaires est soumis à cette logique. La distribution des subsides accordés par l’Etat se fait également en prenant en compte les dix-huit communautés religieuses qui jouissent de la personnalité morale, ce qui ne manque pas d’influencer l’aménagement de l’espace. Lire le reste »

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Le quartier d’Aïn Er Roummaneh à Beyrouth : l’identité est-elle géographiquement déterminée ?

Published by fabrice on December 2nd, 2007

Notre étude s’inscrit délibérément dans le paradigme de la géographie sociale ; elle s’intéresse aux rapports qui s’établissent entre les hommes en société (rapports sociaux) et les éléments qui constituent l’espace géographique (rapports spatiaux). Plus précisément, nous souhaitons interroger la manière dont les individus se représentent l’espace, lui donnent du sens et lui confèrent des valeurs par leurs pratiques quotidiennes et les modalités par lesquelles ils se l’approprient. Plus encore, nous nous interrogerons sur les processus par lesquels les individus inscrivent leur identité sur un territoire donné. Les concepts qui se trouvent donc au cœur de notre article seront ceux de territoire, de territorialité et d’identité. Lire le reste »

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Le développement de la zone commerciale d’Al Buss : un désenclavement du camp de réfugié

Published by fabrice on October 29th, 2007

“De par leur hétérogénéité même, les camps peuvent être la genèse de villes imprévues, de nouveaux contextes de socialisation, de relations et d’identification”
(Michel Agier, Aux bords du monde, les réfugiés, Flammarion, 2002)

La société palestinienne, dispersée depuis 1948, s’est concentrée au Moyen-Orient dans des camps de réfugiés qui sont devenus le symbole même de cette diaspora. L’étude de ces camps de réfugiés permet de les comprendre comme des “espaces de l’entre-soi”, où se perpétue, dans une dialectique constante avec les sociétés d’accueil, la culture palestinienne. La dynamique territoriale des diasporas, ainsi que leur perception particulière de l’espace, en font des organisations socio-spatiales singulières, unies autour d’un territoire mythique et dispersées sur différents espaces nationaux. Cinquante années d’exil ont forgé des communautés palestiniennes chacune singulière dans son rapport avec sa société d’accueil. Les camps palestiniens représentent trois aspects de la dynamique socio-spatiale palestinienne : la permanence territoriale - c’est un lieu de stabilité, de continuité -, un lieu de “l’entre-soi”, et un espace de contact avec la société d’accueil. Les camps de réfugiés ont une efficacité réelle dans l’organisation et le développement des réseaux sociaux palestiniens dans l’exil. Ils sont aussi des espaces de conflits avec les sociétés d’accueil, qui, en s’attaquant aux camps de réfugiés, tentent de déstabiliser la société palestinienne dans son ensemble. Loins d’être des espaces musées, les camps sont devenus le lieu du changement social et de la construction d’une société palestinienne dans l’exil, forte de sa cohésion, mais aussi riche de ses expériences multiples dans ses différents lieux d’implantation, comme le montre le camp d’Al Buss qui, avec le développement de sa zone commerciale, s’ouvre sur la ville de Tyr.

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Présentation des Doctoriales “Géographie et économie”, avril 2007 à Beyrouth

Published by fabrice on October 27th, 2007

Du 17 au 19 avril 2007, des doctoriales « Géographie et économie» ont été organisées à l’initiative de M. Fabrice Balanche, responsable de l’Observatoire Urbain de l’IFPO, par l’Institut Français du Proche-Orient à Beyrouth (Fabrice Balanche, Myriam Catusse et Mohamed Al Dbiyat) en partenariat avec l’Université Libanaise (Léon Telvizian et Mosbah Rajab), l’Université Saint Joseph (Liliane Barakat, Joseph Gémayel et Jocelyne Gérard), la participation de Marc Lavergne (CNRS – Lyon), Natalia Atfee (Université de Damas), Henri Chamussy (Université de Grenoble) et le soutient l’Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie. Elle succède aux doctoriales organisées en 2005 sur le thème : « Projets urbains et opérations d’aménagement du territoire : enjeux et acteurs » et 2006 : “Espace et politique au Proche Orient”. Lire le reste »

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